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生物材料和再生医学的进展(Advances in biomaterials and regenerative medicine)
生物材料和再生医学的进展(Advances in biomaterials and regenerative medicine) Materials, also called biomedical materials, refer to the materials used for diagnosis, treatment, repair or replacement of human tissues and organs or for the purpose of medical treatment. [1]. Biological materials originally used in the clinic are entirely derived from existing substances in nature. However, with the increasing understanding of the immune system, most of these materials have been proved to be pathogenic or toxic to humans. Century 60~70, in the industrialization of biocompatibility on the basis of the research, developed the first generation of biological materials and products in clinical applications, such as in vivo bone nail and bone plate, artificial joint, artificial heart valves, artificial blood vessel, artificial crystal and artificial kidney. Since the century since 80s, the quality of life has made rapid development for the purpose of biological material for medical and health care and promotion, respectively, by more than 40 kinds of different materials (implant prosthesis), there have been more than 50 implant devices have been used in clinical. These biological materials have a common property: biological inertness. The principle of biomaterials development is to minimize the response of receptors to foreign bodies in implantable devices. This principle lasted for more than 20 years. During this time, tens of millions of patients were implanted with inert materials, and their quality of life improved significantly over the course of the year after implantation. The first generation of biological materials prepared by the various instruments are still in clinical use, the worlds annual sales of more than billion. Starting from the second generation of biological materials, the focus of the biomaterial field gradually shifted from biological inertness to biological activity. This active material can undergo controlled reactions under physiological conditions and act on th
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