Extraction of Neem oil using nhexane and （使用nhexane和提取印楝油）.pdfVIP

VOL. 3, NO. 3, JUNE 2008 ISSN 1819-6608 ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences ©2006-2008 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved. www.arpnj EXTRACTION OF NEEM OIL (Azadirachta indica A . Juss) USING N-HEXANE AND ETHANOL: STUDIES OF OIL QUALITY, KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC Maria Yuliana Liauw, F. A. Natan, P. Widiyanti, D. Ikasari, N. Indraswati and F. E. Soetaredjo Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Catholic University, Kalijudan, Surabaya, Indonesia E-Mail: felyciae@ ABSTRACT In this experiment, Neem oil extraction from Neem seeds (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) with n-hexane and ethanol are presented. Effects of particle size, temperature and type of solvent on the extraction kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were studied. Results showed that the maximum oil yields were 41.11% for ethanol and 44.29% for n-hexane at 50oC, and 0.425-0.71 mm particle size. Based on psycho-chemical characteristics analysis showed that increasing temperature decreased iodine value but caused saponification, acid, and peroxide value became higher, which means higher extraction temperature result on higher oil yield but lower oil quality. The kinetic of neem oil extraction was derived from mass transfer rate equation. It also found that ∆H is positive, ∆S is positive, and ∆G is negative indicating that this process are endotermic, irreversible, and spontaneous. Keywords: oil, neem, extraction, kinetic, thermodynamic. INTRODUCTION