high prevalence of malaria in zambezia, mozambique the protective effect of irs versus increased risks due to pig-keeping and house construction赞比西省的疟疾发病率高,莫桑比克国税局的保护作用与风险增加由于pig-keeping和房屋建设.pdfVIP

High Prevalence of Malaria in Zambezia, Mozambique: The Protective Effect of IRS versus Increased Risks Due to Pig-Keeping and House Construction 1 2 3 4 Emmanuel A. Temu , Mike Coleman *, Ana Paula Abilio , Immo Kleinschmidt 1 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, 2 Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 3 National Institute of Health, Maputo, Mozambique, 4 Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom Abstract Background: African countries are scaling up malaria interventions, especially insecticide treated nets (ITN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), for which ambitious coverage targets have been set. In spite of these efforts infection prevalence remains high in many parts of the continent. This study investigated risk factors for malaria infection in children using three malaria indicator surveys from Zambezia province, Mozambique. The impact of IRS and ITNs, the effects of keeping farm animals and of the construction material of roofs of houses and other potential risk factors associated with malaria infection in children were assessed. Methods: Cross-sectional community-based surveys were conducted in October of 2006, 2007 and 2008. A total of 8338 children (ages 1–15 years) from 2748 households were included in the study. All children were screened for malaria by rapid diagnostic tests. Caregiver interviews were used to assess household demographic and wealth characteristics and ITN and IRS coverage. Associations between malaria infection, vector control interventions and potential risk factors were assessed. Results: Overall, the prevalence of malaria infection was 47.8% (95%CI: 38.7%–57.1%) in children 1–15 years of age, less than