high prevalence of giardia duodenalis assemblage b infection and association with underweight in rwandan children盛行的鞭毛虫duodenalis组合b感染和与卢旺达儿童的体重不足.pdfVIP

High Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis Assemblage B Infection and Association with Underweight in Rwandan Children 1. 2. 3 1 2 Ralf Ignatius , Jean Bosco Gahutu , Christian Klotz , Christian Steininger , Cyprien Shyirambere , 1 2 3 4 1 Michel Lyng , Andre Musemakweri , Toni Aebischer , Peter Martus , Gundel Harms , Frank P. Mockenhaupt1* ´ 1 Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charite – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2 University Teaching Hospital of Butare, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Rwanda, Butare, Rwanda, 3 Robert Koch-Institute, Department of Mycology and Parasitology, Berlin, Germany, 4 Institute of Clinical ¨ Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany Abstract Background: Giardia duodenalis is highly endemic in East Africa but its effects on child health, particularly of submicroscopic infections, i.e., those below the threshold of microscopy, and of genetic subgroups (assemblages), are not well understood. We aimed at addressing these questions and at examining epidemiological characteristics of G. duodenalis in southern highland Rwanda. Methodology/Principal Findings: In 583 children ,5 years of age from communities and health facilities, intestinal parasites were assessed by triplicate light microscopy and by PCR assays, and G. duodenalis assemblages were genotyped. Cluster