信度的概念conceptsofreliability.pdf

信度信度的概念的概念 ConceptsConcepts ofof ReliabilityReliability •Case Exhibit 3.2: Test Reliability and Courtroom Testimony •Classical Theory and the Sources of Measurement Error •Sources of Measurement Error •Measurement Error and Reliability ••TheThe ReliabilityReliability CoefficientCoefficient •The Correlation Coefficient •The Correlation Coefficient as a Reliability Coefficient •Reliability as Temporal Stability •Reliability as Internal Consistency •Item Response Theory and the New Rules of Measurement •Special Circumstances in the Estimation of Reliability •The Interpretation of Reliability Coefficients •Reliability and the Standard Error of Measurement KeyKey TermsTerms andand ConceptsConcepts •Classical Theory of Measurement古典測量理論 •Reliability信度/ as Temporal Stability ； as Internal Consistency內部一致性 1. inter-scorer 評分者間 2. test-retest再測 3. alternate forms複本 （parallel forms平行版本） 4. Split-half折半 Spearman-Brown斯布校正公式 5. Kuder-Richardson formula 庫李公式 6. Coefficient alpha α係數 ••MeasurementMeasurement ErrorError測量誤差測量誤差 •Systematic Measurement Error系統性測量誤差 ＆true score 真分數 •Generalizability theory 概化理論 •Correlation Coefficient 相關係數 ，Reliability Coefficient信度係數 •Item Response Theory 試題反應理論 Latent trait Theory潛在特質理論 •Rasch Model Rasch模型 •Speed test速度測驗 power test難度測驗 •Estimation of Reliability 信度估計 •Confidence interval信賴區間 •Standard Error of Measurement測量標準誤 •Standard Error of the difference 差異分數標準誤 古典測量理論古典測量理論 (classical(classical measurementmeasurement theory)theory) Observed Score (OS) 受三個影響: (1) 真實得分(True Score; TS) (2) 獨特得分(Unique Score; US) (3)(3) 誤差得分誤差得分(Error(Error Score;Score; ES)ES) 「離職意向」的例子: OS1 = TS + US1 + ES1 (第一題) OS2 = TS + US2 + ES2 (第二題) OS3 = TS + US3 + ES3 (第三題) 變異量變異量(Variance)(Variance)