footprint of positive selection in treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum genome sequences suggests adaptive microevolution of the syphilis pathogen足迹梅毒螺旋体无性系种群的积极的选择。.pdfVIP

Footprint of Positive Selection in Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum Genome Sequences Suggests Adaptive Microevolution of the Syphilis Pathogen 1 . 2. 1 3 1 Lorenzo Giacani * , Sujay Chattopadhyay , Arturo Centurion-Lara , Brendan M. Jeffrey , Hoavan T. Le , 1 1,4 2 3 Barbara J. Molini , Sheila A. Lukehart , Evgeni V. Sokurenko , Daniel D. Rockey 1 Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, 2 Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America, 4 Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America Abstract In the rabbit model of syphilis, infection phenotypes associated with the Nichols and Chicago strains of Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum), though similar, are not identical. Between these strains, significant differences are found in expression of, and antibody responses to some candidate virulence factors, suggesting the existence of functional genetic differences between isolates. The Chicago strain genome was therefore sequenced and compared to the Nichols genome, available since 1998. Initial comparative analysis suggested the presence of 44 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 103 small (#3 nucleotides) indels, and 1 large (1204 bp) insertion in the Chicago genome with respect to the Nichols genome. To confirm the above findings, Sanger sequencing was performed on most loci carrying di