Nucleic Acids - De Anza College：核酸-德安萨学院.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Solution Assign each of the following terms to a definition or concept. activation initiation translocation termination A. Ribosomes move along mRNA, adding amino acids to a growing peptide chain. translocation B. A completed peptide chain is released. termination C. A tRNA attaches to its specific amino acid. activation D. A tRNA binds to the AUG codon of the mRNA on the ribosome. initiation * Summary of Protein Synthesis * Complementary Sequences in DNA, mRNA, tRNA, and Peptides * Learning Check The following section of DNA is used to build mRNA for a protein. —GAA—CCC—TTT— A. What is the corresponding mRNA sequence? B. What are the anticodons on the tRNAs? C. What is the amino acid order in the peptide? * Solution A. What is the corresponding mRNA sequence? —CUU—GGG—AAA— B. What are the anticodons for the tRNAs? GAA for CUU; CCC for GGG; UUU for AAA C. What is the amino acid order in the peptide? —CUU—GGG—AAA— Leu — Gly — Lys * Learning Check Place the following statements in order of their occurrence in protein synthesis. A. mRNA attaches to a ribosome. B. The ribosome moves along mRNA to add amino acids to the growing peptide chain. C. A completed polypeptide is released. D. A tRNA brings an amino acid to its codon on mRNA. E. DNA produces mRNA. * Solution Place the following statements in order of their occurrence in protein synthesis. E. DNA produces mRNA. A. mRNA attaches to a ribosome. D. A tRNA brings an amino acid to its codon on mRNA. B. The ribosome moves along mRNA to add amino acids to the growing peptide chain. C. A completed polypeptide is released. * Chapter 17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis 17.6 Genetic Mutations * Mutations A mutation, or change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA, can result from