TBA水合法年产3.2万吨异丁烯工艺设计.docVIP

TBA水合法年产3.2万吨异丁烯工艺设计 摘要 异丁烯是重要的基本有机化工原料之一，是一种合成橡胶的单体，主要是用于制备丁基橡胶和聚异丁烯，高纯度的异丁烯可以用来生产丁基橡胶、聚异丁烯、叔丁酚、抗氧剂、叔丁胺、甲基丙烯腈等许多有机化学原料和精细化工产品。不管是制备丁基橡胶还是聚异丁烯，都要求异丁烯的纯度较高。叔丁醇经过脱水反应可以获得高纯度的异丁烯。如果用作精细化工的原料，那么它的身价显得更高。自从世界各国的发达国家对清洁汽油的要求增加后，TBA的用量也得到快速增长。这就使异丁烯供需也随之趋向于紧张。同时，随着世界各国不断加快发展高附加值的精细化工产品，对于精细化工原料纯异丁烯的需求也随之增大。本论文研究叔丁醇脱水制备异丁烯进行工艺计算。7397 关键词：TBA水合法异丁烯 A Process Design for 32,000 Tons isobutene Oxide to Abstract Isobutylene is one of the important basic organic chemical raw materials, a monomer synthetic rubber and is mainly used for the preparation of butyl rubber and poly-isobutylene; high purity isobutene can be used for the production of butyl rubber, poly-isobutylene, tert-butyl phenol, antioxidant, butyl amine, methyl propylene nitrile and many other organic chemical raw materials and fine chemical industry products. No matter is the preparation of butyl rubber or poly-isobutylene, require the high purity isobutene. Tert-butyl alcohol by dehydration reaction can obtain high purity isobutene. If used as a fine chemical raw material, then its value is higher. Since the world developed country requirements for clean gasoline increases, the amount of TBA also get rapid growth. This makes the supply and demand will tend to be nervous of isobutene. At the same time, as the world continues to accelerate the development of high value-added fine chemical products, for the fine chemical raw materials of pure isobutylene demand increases. This paper study on the dehydration of butyl alcohol is for preparing isobutene process calculation. 3.4 主要化工设备的计算27 3.2.1 第一反应器27 3.2.1 第二反应器32 4 典型设备的工艺计算36 4.1 精馏塔的设计36 4.2 实际塔板数的确定36 4.2.1最小回流比和实际回流比的确定36 4.2.2 实际塔板数的确定37 5 工艺尺寸的确定39 5.1 塔径的确定39 5.2 塔高计算40 5.3 安定区边缘区及鼓泡区安排41 5.4 降液管及堰的设计41 5.5 浮阀塔的孔数及排列42 5.6 塔板的流体力学计算42 5.7 泵的确定43 6 经济衡算46 7 车间布置设计47 致谢49 参考文献50 附录52 1.工艺流程图52 2. 工艺管道仪表流程图53 3.平面车间布置图54 1 概述 1.1异丁烯的生产工艺及设计意义 目前，生产异丁烯的原料，主要是来源于石油蒸汽裂解，制成乙烯装置的副产物C4 馏分、炼油厂的催化裂解（ FCC ）装置的副产物C4 馏分和 Halcon 法环氧丙烷合成中的副产物叔丁醇（ TBA ）[1]。不同 C4 馏分中