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a smell that causes seizure导致癫痫的气味.pdf

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a smell that causes seizure导致癫痫的气味

A Smell That Causes Seizure Minh Q. Nguyen*, Nicholas J. P. Ryba Taste and Smell Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America Abstract In mammals, odorants are detected by a large family of receptors that are each expressed in just a small subset of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). Here we describe a strain of transgenic mice engineered to express an octanal receptor in almost all OSNs. Remarkably, octanal triggered a striking and involuntary phenotype in these animals, with passive exposure regularly inducing seizures. Octanal exposure invariably resulted in widespread activation of OSNs but interestingly seizures only occurred in 30–40% of trials. We hypothesized that this reflects the need for the olfactory system to filter strong but slowly- changing backgrounds from salient signals. Therefore we used an olfactometer to control octanal delivery and demonstrated suppression of responses whenever this odorant is delivered slowly. By contrast, rapid exposure of the mice to octanal induced seizure in every trial. Our results expose new details of olfactory processing and provide a robust and non-invasive platform for studying epilepsy. Citation: Nguyen MQ, Ryba NJP (2012) A Smell That Causes Seizure. PLoS ONE 7(7): e41899. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041899 Editor: Hiroaki Matsunami, Duke University, United States of America Received February 28, 2012; Accepted June 29, 2012; Published July 27, 2012 This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. Funding: This research was suppor