V-ing做主语和宾语.ppt

Grammar 一. V-ing 做主语的用法 1.V-ing做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动 作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如： Seeing is believing. Helping her is my duty. Working with you is a pleasure. 2.动词不定式做主语一样，有时为了句子平衡常用it作形式主语。如： To teach the child is my job . It is tiring walking around in a city. It is good to help others. 3. V-ing做主语表示抽象动作，而不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如： It is no use crying over spilt milk. To go on like this was wrong. 二. V-ing作宾语的用法 1.有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语如 admit, appreciate, avoid，can‘t stand，consider，devote … to, enjoy，escape, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine insist on, keep (on), look forward to, mention, mind, miss, pay attention to, practise, stick to, suggest 等等。 2. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后可以直接跟V-ing作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如： We dont allow smoking here． We dont allow anybody to smoke here． 3. 动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别，都表示被动！如： 1.My bicycle needs repairing 你的自行车需要修理 2.Your hair wants cutting.　 你的头发该理了。3.The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。 * My bicycle needs to be repaired 4. 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。 5. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, cant help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。 forget, regret, remember后跟动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。 forget doing 做了某事忘记了 forget to do 忘记去做某事 regret doing 后悔做过某事 regret to do 遗憾要做某事 remember doing 记得做了某事 remember to do 记得要做某事 go on doing 继续做原来做的事 go on to do 接着做另一件事 mean doing 意味着做某事 mean to do 想要做某事 stop doing 停止做某事 stop to do 停下某事做另一件事 try doing 试着做某事 try to do 努力做某事 be used to doing 习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事 cant help doing 禁不住做某事 cant help to do 不能帮助做某事 6.V-ing 有自己的逻辑主语，形式为 1.V-ing在句中做主语时，用名词 所有格或形容词性物主代词。 2.V-ing在句中做宾语时，还可用名词或 代词的宾格形式。如： Tom’s being late made Mr Smith angry. His being late made Mr Smith angry. Would you mind