2010研-injury+repair-text.pptVIP

Department of Pathology School of Basic Medical Sciences Huang Aimin 医学科学的关键点The key point of medical science 预防疾病 Prevention 诊断疾病 Diagnosis 治疗疾病 Treatment What is Pathology 病理学 Pathology可分为两部分 Path----痛苦与疾病 suffering, disease ology---研究与科学 study, science The contents of pathology 形态学 Morphology 病因学 Etiology 发病机制 Pathogenesis 病理改变 Pathologic changes 临床病理联系 Clinical significance 转归与结局 Consequence The role and importance of pathology in medical education Pathology is a bridge between basic medical sciences and clinical medicine All of the medical students have to stride over the bridge A. Genetic factors Abnormal of the chromosomes and genes Susceptibility to some diseases Genetic polymorphisms B. Environmental factors Physical agents injury, radiations… Chemical poisons Microbial Nutritional imbalance Abnormal immunological reactions Psychological factors 病理生物学进展：幽门螺杆菌的发现 幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter Pylori, HP)的发现 1979年 病理学医生Warren在慢性胃炎患者的胃窦黏膜组织切片上观察到一种弯曲状细菌，且发现细菌邻近的胃黏膜总有炎症存在，意识到细菌和慢性胃炎可能有密切关系 1981年 消化科临床医生Marshall与Warren合作，以100例接受胃镜检查及活检的胃病患者为研究对象，证明HP的存在确实与胃炎相关。此外，HP存在于所有十二指肠溃疡、大部分胃溃疡和约50%胃癌患者的胃黏膜中 1982年4月 多次失败之后， Marshall终从胃黏膜活检样本中成功培养和分离出了HP 为进一步证实这种细菌是导致胃炎的原因，Marshall和另一位医生Morris喝下含有HP培养液，大病一场 基于上述结果，Marshall和Warren提出HP涉及 胃炎和消化性溃疡的病因学 1984年4月5日，成果发表于世界权威 医学期刊《 lancet》（柳叶刀） Although the causes of disease are divided into two main groups, but both groups are interlaced in most disease Level A. 肉眼水平 Naked eye level gross changes in diseased organs Level B. 光镜水平 Light microscopy level in histology and cytology level Level C. 电镜水平Electron-microscopy(EM) level abnormity in the cellular organelles Level D. 分子水平 Molecular level inspect aberrant in DNA/RNA/protein Tissu