纳米载体细胞器靶向的研究进展Advancesinthestudyof-药学学报.PDFVIP

838 药学学报 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2009, 44 (8) : 838844 纳米载体细胞器靶向的研究进展 孙晓译, 魏丽丽, 陈海靓, 梁文权* (浙江大学药学院药物制剂研究所, 浙江 杭州 310058) 摘要: 现代给药系统要求药物在充分发挥疗效的同时毒副作用小, 这就需要药物能被特异转运至靶组织、靶 细胞, 甚至是特定的细胞器, 如细胞质基质、细胞核、线粒体、溶酶体、内质网等。阻碍药物达到靶点的主要屏 障有细胞膜、溶酶体降解作用和细胞器膜。纳米载体既可保护药物特别是蛋白、酶、DNA 等活性分 , 也便于 进行功能改进和修饰。本文重点总结了纳米载体通过各种功能修饰克服各种屏障作用, 在进入细胞后对细胞质 基质、细胞核、线粒体、溶酶体和内质网的靶向作用。 关键词: 药物靶向; 细胞器; 纳米粒; 脂质体; 聚合物胶束; 树状聚合物 中图分类号: R944 文献标识码:A 文章编号: 05 13-4870 (2009) 08-0838-07 Advances in the study of organelles targeting nanocarriers * SUN Xiao-yi, WEI Li-li, CHEN Hai-liang, LIANG Wen-quan (Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhej iang University, Hangzhou 310058, China) Abstract: Modern drug delivery system demands high therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity which depends on efficient intracellular transportation of therapeutics to specific organisms, cells, even targeted organelles such as cytosol, nucleus, mitochondria, lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum. Intracellular barriers which prevent drug molecules accessing to their targets mainly include cell membrane, lysosomal degradation and the endomembrane system. Nanocarriers can preserve the bioactivities of protein, enzyme and DNA, and also they are easy to be modified and functionalized. In this paper, we summarized the intracellular fate of nanocarriers, especially how to bypass intracellular barriers and then target cytosol, nucleus, mitochondria, lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum by pharmaceutical modifications.