专题八状语从句概要.doc

专题八　状语从句、定语从句 状语从句 一、时间状语从句 1．before引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。常用如下句型： It is long before...(过了好久才……) It is not long before...(过了不久就……) 2．since后面所用动词不同，该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同。 It is two years since he joined the army. It is two years since he smoked. 二、地点状语从句 多由where和wherever引导。 Where there is a will，there is a way. 二、原因状语从句 在表示原因时，because语气最重，其次是as，since，now that，故在回答why问句或者在强调句对原因进行强调时，只能用because。for是并列连词，表示推测的理由或者进一步说明，不能放在句首，for前要用逗号。 —Why were you absent? —Because I was ill. 三、目的状语从句 1．so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句中的谓语动词多用can/could/may/might/will/would＋动词。 Please turn off the light so that I can go to sleep. 2．for fear that，in case，lest表示“以防，免得”。 He is working hard for fear that he should fail. 四、条件状语从句 1．providing/provided (that)假如，假若 Providing (that) no one has further questions，the meeting will be over. 2．on the understanding that＝on condition that在……条件下 I give you money on the understanding that you finish your homework. 五、结果状语从句 注意such引导的结果状语从句与定语从句的区别。 试比较： This is such an interesting book that everyone likes to read it. This is such an interesting book as everyone likes to read. 六、目的状语从句与结果状语从句的区别 in order that可放在句首，只能引导目的状语从句；so that引导目的或结果状语从句，不能放在句首。 试比较： He spoke so slowly that we all followed him.(结果状语从句)＝He spoke slowly，so we all followed him. He spoke slowly so (in order) that we could all understand him.(目的状语从句) 七、让步状语从句 1．as引导让步状语从句，作“尽管”解，用倒装句，语序为：状语/宾语/表语/动词原形＋as＋主语＋谓语……。如果句首是单数可数名词作表语，名词前无冠词。 Clever as you may be，you can’t do that. Clever boy as he is，he can’t solve the problem. 2．while有时引导让步状语从句，作“尽管”、“虽然”讲，多用于句首。 While I admit the problems are difficult，I don’t agree that I can’t solve them. 八、地点状语从句 多由where和wherever引导。 Where there is a will，there is a way. 九、方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由as(按照)，just as(正像)，as if＝as though(仿佛，好像；从句可用虚拟语气)等引导。 I changed my mind as you suggested. 定语从句 一、关系代词的用法 1．that和which的用法 (1)限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词that的情况： ①当先行词是不定代词all，much，little，something，everything，anything，nothing，none，the one时。 You should hand in all that you have. ②当先行词前面被the only，th