生物质热解油品位催化提升的思考和初步进展 - 催化学报.pdf

第 30 卷 第 8 期 催 化 学 报 2009 年 8 月 Vol. 30 No. 8 Chinese Journal of Catalysis August 2009 文章编号: 0253-9837(2009)08-0765-05 综述: 765~769 生物质热解油品位催化提升的思考和初步进展 郑小明, 楼 辉 浙江大学催化研究所, 浙江省应用化学重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310028 摘要：生物质热解油是一种由几百种含氧有机物组成的混合物, 需经过提质才能直接用作车用燃料. 多数研究者以降低生物油 的含氧量作为提质的目标, 作者提出了一个完全不同的思路, 以转化得到的稳定而易燃的含氧有机物为生物油提质的目标. 实 验表明, 催化提质后生物粗油中不稳定的、腐蚀性的组分 (如醛、酸、酚类等物质) 大为减少, 而相对稳定的、腐蚀性较低的组 分 (如酯、醇、酮类等物质) 明显增加. 本文小结了作者所在的研究团队在生物质热解油品位提升方面的近期研究进展. 关键词：生物质; 热解; 生物油; 催化提质; 含氧有机物 中图分类号：O643/TQ51 文献标识码：A Recent Advances in Upgrading of Bio-oils from Pyrolysis of Biomass * ZHENG Xiaoming , LOU Hui Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Catalysis, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, Zhejiang, China Abstract: Crude bio-oils from biomass pyrolysis contain a wide variety of oxygenated compounds such as acids, phenols, aldehydes, etc., and they can only be used as transportation fuel after upgrading. Most researchers focus on deoxidation of crude bio-oils to reduce the con- tent of oxygen. We proposed another approach as to convert chemically unstable and corrosive oxygenated components into stable and flammable oxygenated compounds. The experiments showed that the amount of acids, phenols, aldehydes, etc., decreased dramatically, while esters, alcohols, and ketones increased greatly. The recent progress in upgrading of bio-oils in authors’ group is reviewed. Key words: biomass; pyrolysis; bio-oil; catalytic upgrading; oxygenated component 能源是现代社会赖以生存和