虚构语言用于条件副词.docVIP

虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 [温故知新] 以前我们学过虚拟语气用于条件状语从句，表示对现在和将来情况的假设。现在我们再来简单复习一下这两种情况并学习对过去情况的假设！ I.对现在情况的假设：表示现在实际上并不存在的情况。 条件状语从句 主句 与现在事实相反 If + 主语 + 动词过去式 （be动词通常用_________） 主语+ ________________ _______________+ 动词原形 如：如果他们在这儿，他们会帮你: If they _______________ here, they would help you. II.对将来情况的假设：表示将来不大可能实现的情况。 条件状语从句 主句 与将来事实相反 A. If+主语+____________________ （be动词通常用were） B． If+主语+_____________+动词原形 C． If+主语+_____________+动词原形 主语 + would / should / could / might + 动词原形 [小试] 指出下列句子是对哪种情况的假设。 1. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. 对___________________情况的假设 2. If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 对___________________情况的假设 3. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. 对___________________情况的假设 III.请观察下面三个句子，注意主句和从句中谓语动词的使用。 1. In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam, he would have had no chance of getting a degree. 过去，像我这样不能够通过高考而进入大学的人是没有机会拿到学位的。 2. In the past, if someone had worked for a company for over 20 years, they would have stayed there until retirement! 过去，如果一个人在一家公司工作了二十多年，他就会留在那家公司直到退休。 3. If the trees and flowers _____________(water) more, they ______________(grow)even better. 如果给这些树木和花草多浇一些水的话，它们会长得更好。 4. In the past, if I ___________________ (want to see) them, I _____________________ (have to visit )them in person. 这三个句子都表示说话者对过去事实的一种推测，它们都有一种相同的表达方式，即： 条件状语从句 主句 与过去事实相反 If + 主语 + ____________时 主语+ would / should / could / might + ___________+ ____________________ 如：If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made progress. （解析：这句话的意思是：要不是他当时生病缺了许多课，他早就进步了。言下之意是由于他生病缺了许多课，所以他没有取得进步。） If she had worked hard, Susan would have succeeded. （解析：这句话的意思是：如果苏珊当初努力的话，她早就成功了。事实上_______________，所以没有成功。） IV. [知识拓展] 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，构成倒装。 If they were here now, they could help us. = Were they here now, they could help us. If it should rain, the crops would be saved. = _______________ it rain, the crops wo