昆虫抗性管理模型的评价.ppt

Evaluation of Insect Resistance Management Models昆虫抗性管理模型的评价 Stage I Genetics (Validation) 阶段 I 遗传学（确认） Stage II Biology and Ecology 阶段 II 生物学和生态学 Stage III Toxin Distribution in Landscape 阶段 III 田间毒素分布 Stage IV Management 阶段 IV 管理 Rate of Resistance Evolution耐受性进化的速度 Current Frequency of Resistance Allele 抗性等位基因的目前发生率 Dominance of Resistance Allele 抗性等位基因的优势 Proportion of Transgenic and Refuge Fields 转基因和避难地的比例 Arrangement of Transgenic and Refuge Fields 转基因和避难地的布局 Rate of Resistance Evolution耐受性进化的速度 Current Frequency of Resistance Allele 抗性等位基因的目前频率 Field Sampling, Bioassays and Genetic Testing 田间采样，生物测定和基因测试 Dominance of Resistance Allele 抗性等位基因的优势 Maintain High Toxicity and Breeding Programs 保持高毒性和繁殖 Proportion of Transgenic and Refuge Fields 转基因和避难地的比例 Regulate Sales and Grower Compliance 调节销售和生产的一致 Arrangement of Transgenic and Refuge Fields 转基因和避难地的布局 Grower Practices and Compliance 生产措施和认同 * Pectinophora gossypiella Cotton 棉花 Sisterson Diabrotica spp. Helicoverpa zea Cotton/Corn 棉花／玉米 Storer Heliothis virescens Cotton 棉花 Peck Diabrotica spp. O. nubilalis D. grandiosella Corn 玉米 Onstad D. virgifera virgifera O. nubilalis Diatraea grandiosella Corn 玉米 Guse O. nubilalis Cotton/Corn 棉花／玉米 Caprio Diabrotica spp. Ostrinia nubilalis Corn 玉米 Andow Coleoptera 甲虫类 Lepidoptera 鳞翅类 Crop 作物 Modeler 建模型者 q0 = 0.02 q0 = 0.01 q0 = 0.005 Wss Wrs Wrr Transgenic 0.5 0.01 0.02 1.00 Refuge 0.5 1.00 1.00 1.00 Resistance Allele Frequency Increased Initial Allele Frequency Shortens Time to Resistance. 提高起始等位基因频率缩短产生抗性时间 抗性等位基因频率 转基因 避难地 后代 Wss Wrs Wrr Transgenic 0.50 0.01 0.02 1.00 Refuge 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 Red: q0 = 0.02 Blue: q0 = 0.01 Green: q0 = 0.005 Wrs = 0.03 Wrs = 0.02 Wrs = 0.01 q0 = 0.005 Wss Wrs Wrr Transgenic 0.5 0.01 x.xx 1.00 Refuge 0.5 1.00 1.00 1.00 Resistance