轮机英语lesson 21.pptVIP

Lesson 21 Oil Treatment 油的处理 21.1 New words and expressions bowl　碗，分离桶 centrifuge　离心分离机：离心分离 clarifier 　 分渣机 ejection 　喷出，排出(物) interface　分界面 involve 　 包括，使陷于 maximum　 最大量；最多的，最大的 particle　 粒子，微粒，质点 periphery　外围，边缘 purifier　分水机 removal 　 拆除，消除 storage 　 贮藏(量)，贮藏库，存贮 gravity disc 比重环 nomogram 诺谟图，列线图 21.1 Text Both fuel oils and lubricating oils require treatment before passing to the engine. 燃油和滑油在进入主机之前都要处理。 This will involve storage and heating to allow separation of water present, coarse and fine filtering to remove solid particles and also centrifuging． 油的处理包括储存，为使油中的水分离而进行的加热，为除去固体颗粒而进行的粗细过滤以及离心分离。 The centrifugal separator is used to separate two liquids, for example oil and water, or a liquid and solids as in contaminated oil． 离心式分离机用来分离两种液体，比如油和水；或者用来分离一种液体和污油中的固体。 Separation is speeded up by the use of a centrifuge and can be arranged as a continuous process. 使用分离机可加快分离速度，且可将分离安排成一个连续的过程。 Where a centrifuge is arranged to separate two liquids，it is known as a “purifier”． 当分油机用来分离两种液体时，叫做“分水机”。 Where a centrifuge is arranged to separate impurities(杂质)and small amounts of water from oil it is known as a “clarifier”． 当分油机用来分离油中的杂质和少量水时，叫做“分杂机”。 The separation of impurities and water from fuel oil is essential for good combustion． 从燃油中分离出杂质和水，对良好燃烧是极为重要的。 The removal of contaminating impurities from lubricating oil will reduce engine wear and possible breakdowns． 从滑油中除去污染杂质将会减少机器磨损和可能的损坏。 Centrifuging 离心分离 A centrifuge consists of an electric motor drive to a vertical shaft on the top of which is mounted the bowl assembly． 离心分油机由驱动立轴的电动机和在此立轴上端安装的分离筒组件组成。 An outer framework surrounds the assembly and carries the various feed and discharge connections． 分离筒组件外是机壳，机壳上带有各种供给和排放接头。 The bowl can be a solid assembly which retains the separated sludge and operates non-continuously， 分离筒可以是整体式的，它将分离出来的油渣保留在其中，并以不连续的方式运行。 or the bowl can be arranged so that the upper and lower parts separate and the sludge can be discharged while the centrifuge operat