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3. ENERGY PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF (3所示。)
3. ENERGY PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF
COGENERATION SYSTEMS WITH STEAM AND GAS
TURBINES
3.1 Introduction
Cogeneration systems can be broadly classified as those using steam turbines, Gas
turbines and DG sets. Steam turbine cogeneration systems involve different types of
configurations with respect to mode of power generation such as extraction, back
pressure or a combination of backpressure, extraction and condensing.
Gas turbines with heat recovery steam generators is another mode of cogeneration.
Depending on power and steam load variations in the plant the entire system is dynamic.
A performance assessment would yield valuable insights into cogeneration system
performance and need for further optimization.
3.2 Purpose of the Performance Test
The purpose of the cogeneration plant performance test is to determine the power output
and plant heat rate. In certain cases, the efficiency of individual components like steam
turbine is addressed specifically where performance deterioration is suspected. In general,
the plant performance will be compared with the base line values arrived at for the plant
operating condition rather than the design values. The other purpose of the performance
test is to show the maintenance accomplishment after a major overhaul. In som e cases the
purpose of evaluation could even be for a total plant revamp.
3.3 Performance Terms and Definitions
Overall Plant Performance
1. Overall plant heat rate, kCal/kWh
Mass flow rate of steam x (Enthalpy of steam,kCal / kg − Enthalpy of feed water ,kCal / kg )
Power output ,kW
Fuel consumption* in kg/hr
2. Overall plant fuel rate kg/kWh =
Power output,kW
*Total fuel consumption for
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