Lead Fact Sheet 090913 Iowa Department of （铅090913 爱荷华州的简报）.pdf

Lead Fact Sheet Objective This document is intended to enhance awareness of what processes emit lead, increase the integrity of lead inventory data from point sources, and provide several approaches to calculating lead emissions. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Revised Standard The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized a revised standard for lead (Pb) on November 12, 2008. The standard was revised from 1.5 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m3 3 ) of air, to 0.15 µg/m . The final rule is at /air/lead/frpdf. Where Does Lead Come From? Lead is a toxic, naturally occurring metal used in many manufactured products found in and around our homes, such as lead-based paint. The major sources of Pb emissions have historically been motor vehicles and industrial sources. Lead emissions from motor vehicles have decreased dramatically since the early 1970’s when Pb reduction standards for gasoline were first implemented. The EPA indicates that Pb emissions from transportation declined 95 percent between 1980 -1999. Most point source Pb air emissions in Iowa are from gray and ductile iron foundries, steel foundries, aluminum foundries, electric utilities and facilities with coal-fired boilers, steel mills, cement kilns, lead-acid battery manufacturers, metal fabricators, and waste incinerators. 1 What source categories typically emit Lead and Lead Compounds? • Metallurgical Industry • Primary Lead Smelting • Secondary Lead Smelting • Primary Copper Production • Secondary Copper Production • Primary Zinc Smelting • Secondary Alum