脊髓损伤患者出院后膀胱功能支持现状的研究进展 - 中国骨与关节杂志.pdf

. 444 . 中国骨与关节杂志 2016 年 6 月第 5 卷第 6 期 Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint, June 2016, Vol 5, No.6 . 综述 Review . 脊髓损伤患者出院后膀胱功能支持现状的研究进展 刘秀梅　黎婷 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-252X.2016.06.009　　中图分类号：R683.2, R493 作者单位：100700 北京，陆军总医院脊柱外科 Present situation and prospect of post-discharge bladder function support of patients with spinal cord injury LIU Xiu-mei, LI Ting. Department of Spine Surgery, General Hospital of Beijing Military Area Command. Beijing, 100700, PRC Abstract Spinal cord injury is severely disabling. In developed countries, the incidence of spinal cord 【 】 injury is 11.5% - 53.4% per million population. The quality of life of patients with spinal cord injury and their survival rates in China are lower than that of developed countries, however the urinary tract complication is the first cause of their late death. Comparing the bladder function training and rehabilitation at home and abroad, the major causes of lower bladder function rehabilitation and aftercare level in China may be associated with the following aspects: imperfect rehabilitation health care system, lack of professional talents, weak rehabilitation consciousness, etc. So the fundamental measures to improve the bladder function rehabilitation include the improvement of rehabilitation health care system and professional training of rehabilitation team, and participation of orthopedic doctors in the rehabilitation training guidance of patients and their families. Key words Spinal cord injuries; Aftercare; Urinary bladder; Rehabilitation nursing; Home nursing 【 】 【关键词】　脊髓损伤；出院后医疗；膀胱；康复护理；家庭护理 ( 非专业 ) 脊髓损伤 ( spinal cord injury，SCI ) 是由于各种原因 石，甚至肾衰竭的最主要的原因，也是造成死亡的主要原 引起的脊髓结构和功能损害, 造成损伤水平以下脊髓神经 因。圆锥以上脊髓损伤患者有 85% 于伤后出现高张力、 功能 ( 运动、感觉、括约肌及植物神经功能 ) 的障碍。脊 高反射的痉挛性膀胱。膀胱容量减少，残余尿量增加，反 髓损伤