异种金属材料磁脉冲焊接技术.PDFVIP

异种金属材料磁脉冲焊接技术 树君 夏羽 于洋 卢振洋 （北京工业大学 机械工程与应用电子技术学院，北京 100124 ） 摘要：本文通过对磁脉冲焊接技术结合机理的阐述，采用5A03Al-5A06Al 、1050Al-AZ31Mg 异种金属材料 进行焊接试验。对所得的焊接接头进行气密性试验和剥离试验，检测其结合质量；结合光学显微镜，对比 分析Al-Al 、Al-Mg 焊接接头的微观形貌特点；并采用SEM/EDS 分析界面附近的元素分布；最后通过硬 试验，检测接头界面附近的硬 变化趋势。试验结果表明：磁脉冲焊接技术不仅能够实现性能相似金属的 焊接，而且也能实现性能差异显著的异种金属间的焊接；Al-Al 焊接接头呈现出比较规则的波状结合，波幅 大小随着能量的变化而变化，Al-Mg 焊接接头呈现不规则的波状结合；两组焊件在焊接界面处都发生了元 素的扩散，且出现硬 峰值。 关键词：磁脉冲焊接；异种金属焊接；界面波； Dissimilar metal material technology on magnetic pulse welding CHEN Shu-jun XIA Yu YU Yang (Beijing University of Technology, Beij ing 100124, China) Abstract: Base on elaborating the mechanism of magnetic pulse welding technology, this paper adopted 5A03Al-5A06Al, 1060Al-AZ31Mg dissimilar metal material in the welding test. Then the tightness test and peel test were taken on the welded j oint to detect the quality of combination. Combined with the optical microscope, the characteristics of Al-Al, Al-Mg microstructure of welded j oint was compared, and by using SEM, it is clear about the distribution of elements near the interface. Finally, according to the hardness test, the test of the hardness trends near the joint interface was done. The results showed that : Magnetic pulse welding technology can not only weld metals which have similar performance but also metals that have different performance between dissimilar metal welding; Al-Al welding j oints showed more binding rules of wave amplitude, the size of which changed as the energy varied. Al-Mg welded j oist showed irregular wavy combination; the elements of two of the welded j oints all spreaded in the welded interface, and the hardness peak appeared. Keywords: Magnetic pulse welding; dissimilar metal welding; interface waves; 0 序言 近年来，汽车、火车以及航天航空产业不断向结构轻量化方向发展，结构轻量化、和多 功能化设计常需要采用铝合、镁合金等轻质材料代替传统的钢材，同时也需要实现铝合金等