基于加速度变化率轮胎等效侧偏刚度估计方法.pdf

基于加速度变化率的轮胎等效侧偏刚度估计方法 林 棻，赵又群 (南京航空航天大学车辆工程系 南京 210016) 摘 要：等效侧偏刚度可以精确地反映轮胎的侧偏特性,为此提出了基于加速度变化率的汽车轮胎等效侧偏刚度估计方法。 采用三自由度汽车动力学模型，把前后轮侧向力的时间变化率表示为加速度变化率的函数。利用轮胎力学特性理论推导出瞬 时等效侧偏刚度的估计公式，在汽车纵向加速度为稳态的条件下，利用轮胎侧向力的时间变化率和轮胎侧偏角的时间变化率 来估算轮胎瞬时等效侧偏刚度。通过 ADAMS 软件的整车常半径转向虚拟试验对估计方法进行了验证。虚拟试验结果表明 提出的方法具有较好的估计精度，对于汽车操纵稳定性的研究具有积极意义。 关 键 词：等效侧偏刚度；加速度变化率；汽车动力学；估计方法 中图分类号：U461.6 Estimation of tire effective cornering stiffness based on the time rate of change of acceleration LIN Fen ，ZHAO Youqun (Department of Automotive Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016) Abstract: Tire cornering characteristics can be accurately reflected by effective cornering stiffness. A method of instantaneous effective cornering stiffness estimation based on the time rate of change of acceleration is developed. A vehicle model of three degree-of-freedom is used, the time rate of change of lateral force for front tire and rear tire is expressed with the function of time rate of change of acceleration. The formulas of estimating of cornering stiffness are deduced using tire mechanics characteristics theory. In the condition that the vehicle longitudinal acceleration is stationary state, instantaneous effective cornering stiffness is estimated by the time rate of change of tire lateral force and slip angle. The proposed method is validated by virtual experiment implemented by ADAMS, the virtual experiment is constant radius cornering (CRC) maneuver. The simulation results indicate that the method proposed has high accuracy, the conclusions are helpful to investigation of vehicle handling and stability. Key wor