芫荽胡萝卜素提取工艺的研究.docVIP

芫荽胡萝卜素提取工艺的研究 摘要：研究不同提取溶剂、温度、提取时间、光照、氧化剂和还原剂等因素对芫荽胡萝卜素提取量和稳定性的影响,以期找到芫荽胡萝卜素的最佳提取工艺。首先比较了丙酮∶甲醇(7∶2)和石油醚2种常用提取试剂对芫荽胡萝卜素提取效率的影响，并对超临界 CO 2 萃取法和超声波辅助萃取法的进展进行了简介，以便作为参考;然后以丙酮-甲醇(7∶2)为提取试剂,分别从材料颗粒大小、提取温度、提取时间、提取剂用量4个方面对其提取工艺进行了优化。相对于石油醚,丙酮∶甲醇(7∶2)对芫荽胡萝卜素的提取效率较高。4℃和25℃浸提温度下胡萝卜素的效率没有明显差异。分3次提取时,5min的浸提时间即可获得较高的提取效率。在1～ 7ml的提取剂使用范围内,随着提取剂用量的增加胡萝卜素的提取效率有所增加,但增加幅度不是很大。由此得出结论：以丙酮∶甲醇(7∶2)为提取试剂,在25℃下浸提5min 3次可以得到较高的提取效率。胡萝卜素在低温条件下较稳定，不易分解，高温下快速降解，稳定性变差。灯光和室内光等对其影响较小，在完全避光条件下类胡萝卜素的稳定性最好，降解量最弱。氧化剂对类胡萝卜素有一定的破坏作用，氧化剂浓度越大，破坏作用越明显。还原剂对类胡萝卜素的影响不明显。酸性条件下类胡萝卜素比较稳定，强碱性环境对类胡萝卜素的稳定性影响大，但弱碱条件下则相对稳定，甚至对类胡萝卜素有一定的保护作用。金属离子Cu2+、Fe3+、Fe2+对类胡萝卜素的影响大，在这几个离子的作用下类胡萝卜素的稳定性最差，在Mg2+、Zn2+、Ca2+、Na+条件下类胡萝卜素则比较稳定。酸味剂能促进类胡萝卜素的降解，防腐剂与甜味剂对类胡萝卜素的影响不大。 关键词：芫荽;胡萝卜素提取;溶剂、温度、时间；稳定性 Abstract Carotene and coriander Abstract: To study the effects of different extraction solvent, temperature, extraction time, light, oxidation agent and reducing agent and other factors of coriander carotene extraction amount and stability, in order to find the best extraction process. Firstly the acetone: methanol (7: 2) and petroleum ether 2 kinds of commonly used extraction reagent of coriander carotene extraction efficiency, and the supercritical CO 2 extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction method in the introduction, in order to serve as a reference, and then with acetone - methanol (7: 2) as extraction reagent, respectively, from the material particle size, extraction temperature, extraction time, extraction agent four aspects of the 5 min extraction extraction extraction process were optimized. Compared with petroleum ether, acetone: methanol (7: 2) of coriander carotene extraction efficiency higher. 4 DEG C and 25 DEG C temperature carotene efficiency had no significant difference. 3 times, 5 min extraction time can obtain a higher extraction efficiency. In 1 ~ 7ml of extraction solvent used in the extraction agent dosage increased carotene extraction efficiency increased, but the increase is not large. Thus draw the conclus