园艺植物育种学（breeding science of horticultural crops）.docVIP

园艺植物育种学（breeding science of horticultural crops） Breed: a group of genetically similar and stable plants that foster, select, and create economic traits and agricultural biological characteristics that meet the requirements of production and consumption. Germplasm: the term germplasm refers to the genetic material that determines the inheritance of biological traits and passes its genetic information from parent to offspring, which is genetically called a gene. Germ plasm resources: Germplasm Resources in a broad sense, including populations composed of genotypes of many different individuals. Vectors carrying germplasm. Introduction: fruit trees, tree species and varieties have a certain range of distribution in nature, and the introduction of fruit varieties from the original distribution of new areas planted. Simple introduction: the original distribution area and the introduction of the natural conditions of the area difference is small, or because of introduced plants to adapt to a wide range, so as not to change the genetic can also adapt to the new environment, including to take certain measures to make the introduction of plant normal growth and flowering and fruit. Domestication and introduction: the natural conditions of the original distribution area and the introduction area vary greatly, or because the introduction plant has a narrow adaptation range, it can only adapt to the new environment by changing heredity. Ecology: plant ecology is the study of the relationship between plants and their natural environment and cultivation environment (light, temperature, water, air, customs) Critical temperature: the limit of maximum and minimum temperature that fruit trees can tolerate Seed selection: in the breeding of fruit trees, the selection of variation groups for reproduction is carried out, so as to improve the genetic composition of the population, or to establish a variety of nutritional lines by asexual reproduction, which is referred to as seed select