供应链管理—马士华（Supply chain management - Ma Shihua）.docVIP

供应链管理—马士华（Supply chain management - Ma Shihua） Introduction to supply chain management After entered the 1990s, with the progress of science and technology and the development of productivity, customer (Customer) continuously improve the level of consumption, the competition between enterprises (Competition) is increasing, with great changes in politics, economy, society and environment (Change), make the market demand uncertainty is increasing. 3C is the root of the diversity of user demand and the uncertainty of market changes. It is also the external pressure to promote enterprises to continuously improve their competitive ability. Facing a rapidly changing and unpredictable buyers market, many advanced manufacturing technologies and management methods have been adopted to improve their competitiveness. Before 1960s, the prevailing method is determined by the economic production quantity, safety stock and reorder points, to ensure the stability of production, but due to the difference of independent demand and correlated demand no attention, these methods did not achieve the desired results. In the middle of 60s, MRP Requirements Planning (Material) was put forward, which solved the demand management problem better. Since then, people have been seeking a better manufacturing organization and management mode, appeared such as manufacturing resource planning (Manufacturing Resources Planning, referred to as MRPII), JIT (Just-in-Time, JIT) and fine production of the new production mode. These new modes of production have contributed greatly to improving the overall efficiency of enterprises and the competitive ability in the market. However, since 1990s, the hitherto unknown changes in consumer demand characteristics, the economic activity of the entire world also appeared in the feature of the global economic integration had not previously been, put forward higher requirements of these changes on the ability of enterprises to participate in the competition, the ori