动物 生理学实验（Animal Physiology Experiment）.docVIP

动物 生理学实验（Animal Physiology Experiment） Experiment 1. Blood coagulation Objective: to understand the basic process of blood coagulation and some factors affecting blood coagulation. Principle: the blood flows out of the blood vessel and develops rapidly. Blood coagulation is a cascade of enzymatic reactions by a series of enzymes involved in a variety of coagulation factors, can be divided into three main steps, namely, the formation of prothrombin activator plasminogen activator prothrombin into thrombin, thrombin catalyzed catalytic conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, finally by fibrin polymerization into blood clots. These three steps require the participation of Ca2+. Materials and equipment: test tube, test tube rack, Straw, stopwatch, 3.8% sodium citrate, fresh blood, 1% calcium chloride and 5% potassium oxalate, beaker, alcohol lamp, heparin, liquid paraffin, ice bottle thermometer etc.. Methods and steps: 1, the physical factors affecting blood coagulation (1) take 3 tubes, one as contrast, and two others with small amount of cotton and a little liquid paraffin. (2) add 1ml fresh blood to three test tubes, gently tilt the test tube once every 30s, record the clotting time of the three tubes. 2, the influence of temperature on blood coagulation, take 3 tubes, each adding 1ml fresh blood, and then placed at 37 DEG C bath water, room temperature and ice water, compare the clotting time of the 3 tubes. The influence of 3 and Ca2+ on blood coagulation (1) take 3 tubes, one as control, the other 2 add 3 drops of 3.8% sodium citrate and 5% potassium oxalate, and then add 1ml fresh blood to each tube, then observe the coagulation after mixing. (2) observe the result after adding 1-2 drops and 1% CaCl2 to two tubes of sodium citrate and potassium oxalate respectively. 4, the role of heparin, take a test tube, put in 8 units of heparin, and then add 1ml fresh blood, shake it, observe the results. Thinking question: 1. What are the processes involved in blood coagulatio