政府、雇主和家庭共担生育责任的探讨.pdfVIP

2017年4月 人口与社会 Apr． ,2017 第33卷　 第2期 Population and Society Vol．33　 No．2 婚姻与家庭 政府、雇主和家庭共担生育责任的探讨 黄桂霞 (全国妇联 妇女研究所,北京 100730) [摘要]人口再生产是社会生产的必要前提,为社会经济发展做出巨大贡献,为雇主/ 社会提供了充足劳动 力,满足了家庭情感需求和家族延续的需要,政府、社会和家庭需要共担责任。 我国经历了从国家和家庭共担到 雇主和家庭分担主要生育责任的过程,目前政府分担生育责任依然不足,雇主服务支持不够,家庭中男性未充分 发挥作用。 要确立生育的社会价值,增强政府责任,建立全面覆盖的生育保障制度,不断提高保障水平;建立平 衡工作—家庭的支持体系,男性分担更多责任。 [关键词]生育责任分担;生育保障;生育政策;男女平等;女性就业;工作—家庭平衡 [中图分类号]C923　 　 　 [文献标识码]A　 　 　 [文章编号]2095-7963(2017)02-0086-08 DOI:10.14132/ j.2095-7963.2017.02.010 Abstract:Populationreproductionisaprerequisiteforsocialproduction, whichmakestremendouscon- tributions to socio -economic development and provides sufficient labor force for employers. Whats more, population reproduction meets the emotional needs and continuation needs of the family. So, it needs government, employer and family to share the fertility responsibility. The fertility responsibility has experienced a changing processfrom sharing by the government and families to that by employers and families. Now, the responsibility shared by the government is insufficient. Enterprise support and mens contribution are also insufficient in population reproduction. Therefore, we need to establish a social value of fertility and a full coverage system of fertility insurance, and keep on improving the se- curity level, and set a support system to balancework andfamily, encouraging men to share morefer- tility responsibility. Key words:shared fertility responsibility; fertility security; fertility policy; gender equality; womens employment; work-family balance 　 　 [收稿日期]2016-10-12;[修订日期]2016-10-27 [基金项目]国家社会科学基金重大项目(12ZD035) [作者简介]黄桂霞(1976-),女,河北武邑人,全国妇联妇女研究所副研究员,管理学博士,研究方向:性别 平等、生育保障。 ·86 ·万方数据 《人口与社会》2017年第2期　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 黄桂霞:政府、雇主和家庭共担生育责任的探讨