论境与境其地杨锐106504994.pdfVIP

主 题 风 景 园 林 理 论 论“境”与“境其地” On Jing and Its Development in Landscape Architecture 杨 锐 / YANG Rui 摘 要：汉字“境”至迟出现于1 875年以前的汉代。在考察了“境”的起源及其在文化和科学领域的字义拓展后，提出现代汉语 “境”拥有空间、时间和人的三重复合字义结构。风景园林学中的“境”既是动词，也是名词。作为动词，“境其地”是指为了保持或 提高生存、生产、生活和生态品质，人类个体或群体营造特定土地的过程；作为名词，“地境”是指“境其地”过程在某一时间点的空 间呈现。“境其地”与“地境”一起构成了风景园林学的的核心范畴，演绎这一核心范畴的是8个基本范畴，即“境道”“境德””境 理”“境术”“境用”“境制”“境象”“境意”。“境”具有整体涌现性、动态性、开放性和复杂性4个基本特征。“境品”是一个 用来评价“境”质量的概念。 关 键 词：风景园林；理论；范畴；境；地境；境其地；意境 文章编号：1000-6664(2014)06-0005-07 中图分类号：TU 986 文献标志码：A 收稿日期：2014-04-20； 修回日期：2014-04-28 Abstract: Appearing in China at least 1875 ago, Jing is a Chinese word with three main elements of land, process and people. Composing of eight fundamental categories–thoughts, values, principles, techniques, functions, mechanisms, images and meanings, Jing is brought forward to be the core category of Chinese landscape architecture in this paper. Under landscape architecture, Jing is a verb as well as a noun. As a verb, Jing is a process of human act on a specific land when they intend to improve the quality of the land for survival, production, living and ecology; as a noun, Jing is a spatial section of Jing process at any point in time. There are four main characteristics of Jing– whole emergence, dynamics, openness, and complexity. Pin is put forward as a concept to assess qualities of Jing. Key words: landscape architecture; theory; category; Jing; Di-jing; Jing-qi-di; artistic conception 爱因斯坦说：“呼吸不可能在真空中发生，同样道理，思 思维”、“定性的”与“定量的”、“实践的”与“理论的