语言学习中的中介语.pptVIP

语言学习中的中介语 * Definition 中介语，Interlanguage，也有人译为过渡语或语际语，是指在第二语言习得过程中，学习者通过一定的学习策略，在目的语输入的基础上所形成的一种既不同于其第一语言也不同于目的语，随着学习的进展向目的语逐渐过渡的动态的语言系统。 Interlanguage is the type of language (or linguistic system) used by second- and foreign-language learners who are in the process of learning a target language. * 关于中介语的一个最早的定义. The separateness of a second language learners system, a system that has a structurally intermediate status between the native and target languages(二语/外语学习者的一种独立的语言系统,在结构上处于母语与目的语的中间状态)。 * Interlanguage theory Interlanguage theory is generally credited to Larry Selinker, an American professor of applied linguistics, whose article Interlanguage appeared in the January 1972 issue of the journal International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching. 美国语言学家塞林格(Selinker)于1969年提出中介语假说(interlanguage)的概念。1972年在其著名论文《中介语》中提出的中介语假说，是试图探索第二语言习得者在习得过程中的语言系统和习得规律的假说，在第二语言习得的研究史上有重大意义。 * The principle behind interlanguage theory is that the language of second-language learners is governed by systematic rules, and that these rules are different from those of the language being learned and from those of the learners native language. Hence at every stage of learning, language learners do not merely copy what native speakers do, but create an entirely new language system unique to themselves. Selinker named this interim language system an interlanguage. * In his 1972 paper, Selinker proposed that interlanguages have all the normal properties of natural languages. In other words, they are systematic and bound by rules in the same manner as any other language. Furthermore, Selinker proposed that interlanguage is based on three basic principles: over-generalization from patterns found in the language being learned, transfer from patterns found in the learners native language, and fossilization, the phenomenon of a learners language ceasing to develop. * 中介语产生的原因 一 母语的负迁移，即干扰 在第二语言或外语学习中，学习者由于不熟悉目的语的语法规则或表达习惯，会自觉或不自觉地运用母语的规则或表达方式来处理目的语中的一些信息，会依赖其原有的母语知识辅助其意