课前预习材料(第十四次讲座用)346.docVIP

第十次讲座课前预习材料 A. 全部否定 Nothing is further away from the truth than this. 这是离真相最远的。 I have answered every single question, but my opponent has answered none. 我每一个问题都回答出来了，但是我的对手一个都没有回答上。 B. 部分否定 3．All this is not necessary. ( 比较：All this is unnecessary.) 不是所有都是必要的。 All these metals are not good conductors. (比较：None of these metals are good conductors.) 不是所有的金属都是良好的导体。 Both these instruments are not precision ones. (比较：Neither of the instruments is a precision one) 这两个仪器不都是精确的。 I don’t remember all their names. (比较：I remember none of their names.) 他们所有人的名字我记不全。 C. 转移否定 I don’t think it’s right to make such a hasty decision. 我认为这么仓促地做决定是不正确的。 It is not our view that the substance or the tone of his remarks this morning will contribute to creating a lasting peace in the Middle East. 我们的观点是，他今早的言论的要旨和语气并不能为中东的持久和平做出贡献。 D. 否定范围：从否定词开始有时可以一直延伸到句末：被否定的时机上是主语补足语或是状语（从句） They did not part good friends. 他们一点也称不上是朋友。 We haven’t called the meeting to discuss this question. 我们开会完全不是为了讨论这个问题的。 He didn’t buy the book because he needed it. 他不是因为需要才买这本书的。 The Nazis had not instantly withdrawn from Africa or Sicily merely because of threat to their rear. 纳粹不仅仅是因为他们后方存在的威胁而立刻从非洲和西西里撤离的。 They do not conduct the dangerous experiment to serve their private interest, but to benefit man. 他们进行危险的实验并不是为了满足自己的个人兴趣，而是为了人类的利益。 II. 否定含义的判别 某些动词具有消极方面的词汇意义，也属于否定含义的范围 A. 如 deny, neglect, fail to, refuse to, exclude, miss overlook, ignore, lack, keep from protect, save等 It is one of the most barbarous customs in the world, considering us as a civilized and a Christian country, that we deny advantage of learning to women. 我们作为一个一个文明而且信奉基督教的国家的人民，却否认向妇女学习的优点，这是个世界上最野蛮的习俗。 He fails to make the reader understand the verse, let alone enjoy it and delight in it. 他没有能够让读者明白这诗句，更不用说欣赏它和从中获得快乐了。 16．The manager told the shop-assistant to work on stock if she lacked a customer. 经理与售货员说，如果她一个顾客都没有，就到仓库区工作。 B. 某些抽象名词， 如 absence, ignorance, exclusion The almost absence of any US sway with the parties directly invo