地衣植物特征（Lichen characteristics）.docVIP

地衣植物特征（Lichen characteristics） Lichen plant, which is a kind of special plant with fungi and algae symbiosis, has no root, stem, leaf differentiation, can live in various environments, is called the pioneer of plant frontier. Symbiotic fungi are mostly cystic fungi, and a few are basidiomycetes, which absorb water and inorganic salts and are covered with algae. Symbiotic algae are mainly cyanobacteria and green algae, which can carry out photosynthesis and produce organic matter. A composite organism lichen is a composite organism that is composed of algae and fungi. There is no root leaf differentiation, simple structure, perennial plant Content. Due to the long and close combination of algae and fungi, it becomes a single fixed organism group. It is neither the common fungus nor the common algae. It has unique morphological, structural, physiological and genetic characteristics. They are the result of years of evolution. Therefore, the lichen is treated as an independent door. The world is about 500 genera and 25,000 species. Algae that make up lichens: mainly cyanobacteria and green algae. Cyanobacterium is mainly a genus of candida, and the green algae is mainly a coccus. The fungi that make up lichens: most of them are cystic fungi, and a few are basidiomycetes. The fungi that make up the lichens differ from the general fungus in many physiological properties, which is called lichen-type fungi. Fungi make up a major part of lichen structure. The morphology of lichens is almost entirely determined by symbiotic fungi. The algae are distributed in the interior of the lichens, forming a cytoplasm or a number of cytoplasm or dispersed in the mycelium. Algae, bacteria, symbiotic relationship is: photosynthetic algae organic nutrient, make the whole lichen system while mycelial absorb water and inorganic salt, provide raw materials for algae for photosynthesis, and keep the algal cells certain humidity, not dry to death. This is a symbiotic relationship of mutual ben