商务英语Unit 3 Company Structure.pptVIP

Grouping activities on the basis of product or customer flow. When managers find different problems or demands across the globe, global solutions are needed. Global geographic structure: different divisions serve each world region. Global product structure: Customers in different regions buy similar products so firms keep most functional work at home and set up a division to market product abroad. Matrix structure: managers group people by function and product teams simultaneously. Advantage: Disadvantage: CEO Func. Managers Sales Design Production Product team A Product team B Product team C Product Team = two boss employee Team Managers Product Team Structure: The members are permanently assigned to the team and empowered to bring a product to market. CEO Func. Managers Sales Design Production Manufacturing Manufacturing Manufacturing = Product Team Manager = Team member a whole series of strategic alliances. Created between suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors. Advantage: Disadvantage: Line authority Staff authority参谋 Line authority Staff authority参谋 *Staff authority is less powerful than the line authority. *Along the line authority n the staff authority , We can see a chain of command in an org. Relative 相对的 No org. is completely centralized or decentralized. Minor-次要的 Disperse-分散 Say over背诵 部门化 Retail n wholesale Flow :服务过程 For customer needs that vary between regions. Results in a complex network of reporting relationships. Very flexible and can respond rapidly to change. Each employee has two bosses which can cause problems. Functional manager gives different directions than product manager and employee cannot satisfy both. Toyota and Honda use many such alliances. Network structures allow firms to bring resources together in a boundary-less organization. 王青-管理学院-上海交通大学 王青-管理学院-上海交通大学 王青-管理学院-上海交通大学 王青-管理学院-上海交通大学 王青-管理学院-上海交通大学 王青-管理学院-上海交通大学 王青-管理学院-上海交通大学 王青-管理学院-上海交通大学 王青-管理学院-上海交通大学 Unit 3 Company Structure . Trend of OS In