先秦帝王称号及其演变.pdfVIP

·32 · 　　　　　　史 　学 　月 　刊 　　　　　　　　　　　 2004 年 　　第 6 期 先秦帝王称号及其演变 周 新 芳 (南京大学 历史系 ,江苏 南京 210093) [ 关键词] 先秦 ;帝王称号 ;演变 ;特点及规律 [摘　要] 先秦帝王称号主要经历了后、王、天子、帝、皇帝等几个阶段 ,每一种称号都体现了中国文字神秘 的象征意义 ,其演变与社会文化背景密切相关 ,也体现了先秦神权的日益衰落与王权的日益强化 ,王权居于神 权之上 ,上古社会政权、族权、神权合而为一等历史事实。帝王称号所透视出来的不仅仅是政治的、更多的是 社会的、思想的文化信息。因此 ,把握帝王称号的演变 ,也是了解上古社会的一把钥匙。 [ 中图分类号] [ 文献标识码] [ 文章编号] ( ) K22 　 A 　 2004 The Emperor Title of PreQin Dynasties and Its Evolution ZHOU Xinfang ( ) History Department of Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , Jiangsu , China Key Words :preQin dynasties ;emperor title ;evolution ;characteristics and rules Abstract : Emperor title of preQin Dynasties underwent several stages : Hou , King ,the Son of Heaven , God ,and Emperor. Each title pre sented mysterious and symbolic significance of Chinese words. Its evolution was closely connected with social and cultural background ,and also indicative of the historical fact that PreQin Dynasty theocracy declined and royal authority strengthened day by day ,and royal au thority was superior to theocracy and political authority ,clan authority and theocracy were combined into one in the primeval society. The emperor title reflected not only political but also more social ,ideological and cultural information. Grasping the evolution of emperor title is a key to understanding the society of ancient times. © 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publi