内生变数.ppt

Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 1-* 模型目的。 內生變數。 行為法則。 均衡。 外生衝擊 判斷是否為外生變數改變？ 判斷此外生變數之改變將影響哪些行為法則？ 判斷此外生變數之改變造成行為法則何種影響？ 學習經濟模型五步驟 模型目的。 Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 1-* General Equilibrium Analysis Partial equilibrium analysis To study a single market General equilibrium analysis Takes account of the linkages between the two markets. Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 1-* 模型目的。 內生變數。 行為法則。 均衡。 外生衝擊 判斷是否為外生變數改變？ 判斷此外生變數之改變將影響哪些行為法則 判斷此外生變數之改變造成行為法則何種影響 學習經濟模型五步驟 內生變數。 Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 1-* 內生變數 Home cheese production, QC, in pounds Home wine production, QW, in gallons Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 1-* 模型目的。 內生變數。 行為法則。 均衡。 外生衝擊 判斷是否為外生變數改變？ 判斷此外生變數之改變將影響哪些行為法則 判斷此外生變數之改變造成行為法則何種影響 學習經濟模型五步驟 行為法則。 Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 1-* The Basic Model:assumptions--1 ASSUMPTION1:All economic agents, in particular firms and consumers, exhibit rational behavior. ASSUMPTION2:There is no money illusion. Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 1-* Money Illusion Money Illusion:A situation where individuals make decisions based on changes in some prices without taking into account changes in others. Relative Price:A ratio of two product prices. Examples of relative prices: If a price of a can of Coke is $0.5 and a price of a hot dog is $1 , then the relative price of Coke is the amount of hot dog that can be exchanged for one unit of Coke, which is 0.5. The relative price of a hot dog in terms of Coke is 2 cans of Coke per hot dog. Nominal price:A price expressed in terms of money. Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 1-* Price Line (Terms of Trade Line) Shows us (for a given relative price) all the possible combinations of the two goods that can be purchased with a fixed amount of money : M=PCQC+PWQW QW QC 12 4 10 5 ?QC ?QW Slope = = = -2 Slope = =2 ?QW ?QC PC PW PC PW – Eg: M=200 , PW=10 , PC=20 =-2