非洲背景资料.pptVIP

Words Argentina [,ɑ:d??nti:n?] n. 阿根廷（位于拉丁美洲） bond holders 「金融」债券持有人 massivemassive [m?siv] adj. 大量的defaultdefault [dif?:lt] vi. 拖欠 restructuring [ri:str?kt??ri?] n. 调整；改组 News The Argentine government has made a new offer to repay a significant part of the massive amount of debt which it defaulted on as a result of its economic crisis more than 2 years ago. The Economy Minister said Argentina would pay 43 billion dollars out of more than 100 billion dollars owed. If accepted by bond holders, this would be the largest debt restructuring in history. Argentines debt crisis The argentine crisis the broke out at the end of 2001 was caused by the governments default, therefore, it was a debt crisis in nature. The debt was used to 1) accumulate foreign reserves for the purpose of maintaining the currency board;2) finance the budge deficit: 3) service the debt itself; 4) make up for the loss of capital flight. Argentinas heavy debt burden was created by the implementation of a strategy of growth-cum-debt, many years of fiscal deficits, high interest rates, weak export capacities, lack of tax reforms and the overvalued exchange rate system. Ont of the most important lessons we can draw from the Argentine crisis is that it is highly necessary to redefine the critical point of debt risks and maintain confidence of the investors in the economy. Also, it is important to reconsider the role of the IMF in saving the emerging markets from crisis. 阿根廷债务危机 阿根廷危机爆发在年年底， 是由于政府默认的，因此，他是一个债务嶶姬的性质。债务被用来 1） 积累外汇储备的目的是为了维持货币发行局。 2） 财政预算赤字。3） 服务本身的债务。4） 弥补损失的资本外逃。 阿根廷的承重的债务负担是由一个战略的实施growth-cum-debt， 许多年的财政赤字，高利率，出口能力弱、缺乏税收改革和被高估的汇率制度。其中一个最重要的教训我们可以从中阿哥听的嶶姬是又必要重新定义的关键时期赵武风险和维护投资者信心的经济。同时，它是重要的角色重新IMF从危机中挽救新兴市场。 poverty in Africa 长期以来，贫困已成为非洲经济发展的羁绊，减轻贫困是21世纪非洲发展面临的主要挑战。非洲要实现到2015年绝对贫困人口减半的目标，必须首先克服三大障碍，即防治重大传染病、改善农业基础设施和消除嫉妒闭塞状态。他指出，现在非洲还没有能力解决自己的贫困问题，国际社会必须投入足够的资源，帮助非洲建立起最基础的设施，创造最基本的发展条件。他强烈主张为了消除非洲以及其他地区的贫困，发达国家应该了才行自己的承诺，增加对穷国的援助。 Poverty in Africa according to the latest Afican D