解剖学 英文 皮肤 Skin.ppt

THE SKIN (cont.) Functions of the skin Protection—first line of defense against: Infection by microbes Ultraviolet rays from sun Harmful chemicals Cuts and tears Temperature regulation Skin can release almost 3000 calories of body heat per day Mechanisms of temperature regulation Regulation of sweat secretion Regulation of flow of blood close to the body surface THE SKIN (cont.) Functions of the skin (cont.) Sense organ activity Skin functions as an enormous sense organ Receptors serve as receivers for the body, keeping it informed of changes in its environment THE SKIN (cont.) Burns Treatment and recovery or survival depend on total area involved and severity or depth of the burn Body surface area is estimated using the “rule of nines” in adults Body is divided into 11 areas of 9% each Additional 1% located around genitals THE SKIN (cont.) Burns (cont.) Classification of burns  First-degree (partial-thickness) burns—only the surface layers of epidermis involved Second-degree (partial-thickness) burns—involve the deep epidermal layers and always cause injury to the upper layers of the dermis THE SKIN (cont.) Burns (cont.) Third-degree (full-thickness) burns—characterized by complete destruction of the epidermis and dermis May involve underlying muscle and bone Lesion is insensitive to pain because of destruction of nerve endings immediately after injury Fluid loss is a serious problem Risk of infection is increased * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 20