实用英语翻译1.ppt

An English-Chinese Translation Course 实用英汉互译教程 Introduction Purpose Contents Textbook How the class is conducted Evaluation Request requirement Contents Introduction to this course Basic difference between English and Chinese Translation of words Translation of sentences (clause) Text types and translation EST translation Translation of abstract, ads, … Translation as Cross-cultural communication Basic Questions in This Course Definition of Translation Criteria of Translation Is translation easy? Process of Translation Definition of Translation Translating is the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL). —J. C. Carford To translate is to change into another language, retaining as much of the sense as one can. —Samuel Johnson Translating is the art of recomposing a work in another language without losing its original flavor. —Columbia Encyclopedia Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.（ 翻译是指从语义到文体在译语中用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现原文的信息。） —Eugene A. Nida A translation is taken to be any target-language utterance which is presented or regarded as such within the target culture, on whatever grounds. —Gideon Toury Translation is the production of a functional target text maintaining a relationship with a given source text that is specified according to the intended or demanded function of the target text. —Christiane Nord 翻译是科学：翻译有规律可循 翻译是艺术：翻译是译者对原文进行再创造的过程。 翻译是技能：翻译有技巧，这些技巧可以通过讲授和翻译实践获得。 Scope of Translation in terms of languages: 语内翻译（intralingual translatio