主语的用法.docVIP

主语的用法 一．讲解 1.主语（句子描述的中心） 什么可以做主语 名词 The book is interesting. 代词 He is my friend. 动词不定式 To see is to believe 动名词 Seeing is believing 从句 What I want now is to have a good sleep. That he likes painting is known to all his friends. 连接主语从句的词有：Wh-, how, wh-ever, that, whether 2.主语从句和形式主语 (1) 主语从句 1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类： 1）从属连词that.如 That he?had?succeeded?pleased?me?very?much 2）从属连词whether.如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。 3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever, whatever，whichever What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。 4）连接副词 where，when，how，why.如： How this happened is not clear to anyone. When we will leave is not decided. (2) it 做形式主语 (代替从句或不定式) 1. 代替主语从句： 1. It + be + adj. +that It is very clear that they won’t come to the meeting. It is strange that you should say so. 2. It + be + N. + that … It is a good thing that Xiao Wang is not late for school today. 3. It + be + p.p. + that … It is said that paper was first made in China. 4. It + seems that… (seemed)/ happens that … It seemed that he was frightened. It seems that he is older. 2. 代替不定式 It is +adj/n + to do It is my duty to teach your English. It is your fault to break the glass. It is very kind of you to help me It is dangerous to ride a bike like that. 3. 主谓一致 (1) 几个原则 ①语法形式上一致原则 Jane and I look alike. ②意义上一致原则 The crowd were running for their lives. ③就近原则 Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this. （2）主谓一致的类型 1）名词作主语 ①集体名词 A. family, team, class, group, public, committee, audience His whole family is going to have a long journey. The whole family are watching TV. B. people, police, cattle, 谓语动词用复数 The police are investigating the