《学记》英汉对照.pptVIP

《学记》英汉对照RECORD ON THE SUBJECT OF EDUCATION 2013年4月 3、虽有嘉肴，弗食不知其旨也；虽有至道，弗学不知其善也。是故学然后知不足，教然后知困。知不足，然后能自反也；知困，然后能自强也。故曰：“教学相长也。”兑命曰：“学学半。”其此之谓乎！ However fine the viands be, if one do not eat, he does not know their taste; however perfect the course may be, if one do not learn it, he does not know its goodness. Therefore when he learns, one knows his own deficiencies; when he teachers, he knows the difficulties, he is able to stimulate himself to effort. Hence it is said, “Teaching and learning help each other”; as it is said in the Charge to Yueh, “Teaching is the half of learning.” 夫然后足以化民易俗，近者说服而远者怀之，此大学之道也。记曰：“蛾子时术之。”其此之谓乎！ After this the training was sufficient to transform the people, and to change anything bad in manners and customs. Those who lived near at hand submitted with delight, and those who were far off thought of the teaching with longing desire. Such was the method of the Great learning; as is said in the Record, “the little ant continually exercises the art of amassing.” 6．大学始教，皮弁祭菜，示敬道也。宵雅肄三，官其始也。入学鼓箧，孙其业也。夏楚二物，收其威也。未卜禘，不视学，游其志也。时观而弗语，存其心也。幼者听而弗问，学不躐等也。此七者，教之大伦也。记曰：“凡学，官先事，士先志。”其此之谓乎！ At the commencement of the teaching in the Great college, the masters in their skin caps presented the offerings of vegetables to the ancient sages, to show their pupils the principle of reverence for them; and made them sing at the same time the first three pieces of the Minor Odes of the Kingdom, as their first lesson the duties of officers. When they entered the college, the drum was beaten and the satchels were produced, that they might begin their work reverently. The cane and the thorns were there to secure them a proper awe. It was not till the time for the summer sacrifice was divined for, that the testing examination was held; __to give composure to their minds. They were continually under inspection, but not spoken to, to keep their minds undisturbed. They listened, but they did not ask questions; and they could not transgress the order of study imposed