{精品}英美文学选读 复习资料 重点知识点.docxVIP

名词解释 1. Meter: Meter is the measured arrangement of words in the poetry, the rhythmic pattern of a stanza, determined by the kind and number of lines. It’s the beat of the poem and meter is an organized way to arrange unstressed and stressed syllables. The length of lines is described by the number of repeated meters in the line. 1 meter, 2 dimeter, 3 trimeter, 4 tetrameter, 5 pentameter, 6 hexameter, 7 heptameter, 8 octameter 2. Stressed pattern: The most common stressed pattern in English is the iamb, which consists of 2 syllables and the 2nd one of which is accented. Another common stressed pattern is trochee (also 2 syllables, but with the 1st accented). Iamb: unstressed/ stressed Trochee: stressed/ unstressed Anapest: unstressed/ unstressed/ stressed Dactyl: stressed/ unstressed/ unstressed A line with three iambic feet is known as iambic trimester. A line with six dactylic feet is known as dactylic hexameter. Shakespeare is famous for his use of the iambic pentameter. 3. Rhyme: Rhyme is when the endings of the words sound the same. 4. Rhyme Scheme: Rhyme Scheme is the pattern of rhyming word at the end of each line. Not all poetry has rhyme scheme. Poems of more than one stanza often repeat the same rhyme scheme in each stanza. 5. Alliteration Alliteration is the repetition of the same sounds or the same kinds of sound at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables. Modern alliteration is predominantly consonantal. 6. Assonance: 谐音，类韵 Assonance is the relatively close succession of the same or similar vowel sounds, but with different consonants and it’s a kind of vowel rhyme. 7. Consonance: 尾韵 Consonance is the relatively close succession of the same end consonants with different vowel sounds and it’s a kind of consonant rhyme. 8. Repetition: Repetition is the repeating of a sound, word, or phrase for emphasis. 10. Meaning devices: Diction is the writer’s choice of words. The words that a writer chooses to use may carry both den