Irony反语概要1.pptVIP

Irony 反语 Irony is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. (冯翠华，1995： 213) Irony是把词、词组或句子用于反意，以表示说话人对事物的批判性的评价。为了使听众能真正理解到讽刺，必须有加强的语调，有时甚至还须要加以手势和表情。在书面语中不可能有这些语音手段，有时能使用引号、斜体等暗示讽刺。不过更主要的还是要从语言环境或上下文来理解。 … until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century. 直到我们回复到光辉的十六世纪…… He was my friend, faithful and just to me: But Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honorable man. 他是我的朋友，对我忠实而公正： 但是布鲁图斯说他有野心； 而布鲁图斯却是一个正直的人。 Irony (反语) It is the use of words which are clearly opposite to what is meant, in order to achieve a special effect. 英语中的Irony，就是我们通常所说的“说反话”。它是故意使用与本意恰好相反的词语或句子来表达本意的一种修辞方式。 Slowly the old lady stooped to pick it (the check) up. Her present, her lovely present, with her trembling fingers she tore it into little bits. (老太太八十岁生日那天，急切盼望女儿回家看望她，可盼来的只是一张冷冰冰的支票，这当然不是老人心爱的礼物。) The virtuous, dignified bishop has four illegitimate children. Irony (反语) Well, of course, I knew that gentlemen like you carry only large notes. 店员这句话意在讽刺这位穿破衣的顾客：像你这样的人怎么会有大票子呢？ 名为gentlemen实则beggar而已 idioms: as welcome as a storm 像欢迎暴风雨一样受 欢迎（实则“不得人心”） as slender in the middle as a cow in the waist腰细如牛（实际是“腰粗如 牛”）。  Sarcasm (讥讽) Sarcasm is a form of sneering criticism in which disapproval is often expressed as ironic praise. It is often used to express contempt, scorn. 讥讽和反语修辞手法有所不同，这种修辞手法不必暗示，也不必兜圈子，常常以直接方式攻击对方观点、讽刺对方，故语言直截了当、措辞尖锐、刻薄，字里行间充满着轻视、蔑视和敌意。 When we are born, we cry that we are coming to this great stage of fools. It is a human nature to hate the man whom you have hurt. Sarcasm (讥讽) If you can’t live without me, why aren’t you dead already? Sometimes I need what only you can provide: your absence. I have had a perfectly wonderful evening, but this wasn’t it. He wears his faith but as the fashion of his hat. What a noble illustration of the tender laws of