第四章 英文短文写作.ppt

第三章 英文短文写作的常识性问题 1.写作中应遵循的几个原则 2. 英语的基本句型 3.英语的特殊句型 一. 写作应遵循的规则 1）. 为保证观点明确, 主题句一般应用单句。 试比较：There are many reasons why we need the Internet. We need the Internet for many reasons. (2). 为提高作文档次，扩展句必须单复句混合使用，而且要善于运用英语的几种特殊句式，增加可读性。 随着中国学生英语水平的整体提高，各级各类英语考试对作文的要求也将不断提高。只用单句和并列句完成作文已远远不能满足要求，考生需真正下功夫提高自己实际应用语言的能力。如前所述，英语实现并句有多种手段，如利用从属连词、关系代词等引导从句；利用分词、动名词和不定式等非谓语动词实现并句。 如：We can enjoy many interesting TV programs. This fact is, to some extent, due to the money spent by advertisers. The fact that we can enjoy many interesting TV programs is, to some extent, due to the money spent by advertisers. 再如：The chairman made a long speech. He only showed his ignorance of the subject. The chairman made a long speech only to show his ignorance of the subject. (3). 开篇和结束句对作文的成败至关重要。 开篇常用句型有： There is no denying the fact that… It is reported that… There is a general discussion nowadays on the issue of… . Those who object to it argue that…, but people who advocate it argue that… With the development of the information technology… No belief is more dangerous now than the one that… 中间的扩展部分可以用一些连接词衔接，加强文章的连贯和统一。如： accordingly, meanwhile, therefore, likewise, nevertheless, on the contrary, in particular, in addition, furthermore, however, 等等。 也可巧妙安排一些过渡句, 如: There are also signs to show that… However, there are a few exceptions to this rule. 结尾常用句型有： From what has been discussed above, we may safely arrive at the conclusion that… It is high time that we laid considerable emphasis on the development of… As has been noted, In brief, Anyhow, it has a profound influence, because… It is essential that effective measures should be taken to… 参看实例: It is no exaggeration to say that telecommunications bring huge benefits and great convenience to our daily life. For instance, telephone makes it possible for people in different places to talk to one another; and mobile phone and e-mail even brings us much more convenience by enabling us to communicate with others regardle