托福听力场景分析之人文学.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料托福听力场景分析之人文学 摘要： 在托福听力中关于人文知识的考察对考生而言是比较难的，因为考察内容往往是考古、人类历史等等偏门的知识，因此考生们备考的时候不得不关注相关知识，我们借由人文学的一个经典案例来为大家分析一下。 点击查看扫描二维码的方法 一、概述 人文学应该最能体现考生的文化素养，因为它所包含的内容非常广泛。广义上讲，文化方面的东西都可以归到人文学中。当然具体可以从以下几个方面来考察： 考古学，例如碳定年法(用碳14的半衰期测定出土文物的年代)，古文明遗址的探索(结合古代科技)等等 历史，例如欧洲中世纪的建筑风格，某个国家的发展进程等等 地理环境和人类生活习性，如易洛魁人对桦树皮的应用，航海发明等等 其他话题，人文学极易和其他学科产生交叉 首先，考生要对这些话题的中心词熟悉。在做TPO时一定要积累人文学词汇，做到会读和能够快速反应出意思。可以坚持每天听一个人文学lecture,记笔记找感觉。 二、案例分析 下面是一个人文学的经典案例： E.G. TPO 7 Part 2-Lecture 1 (Iroquois) 听力原文： Pro: So weve beendiscussing 16th century Native American life, and today were going to focuson the Iroquois and Huron peoples. They lived in the northeastern greatlakes region of North America. Now, back then, their life depended on thenatural resources of the forests, especially the birch tree. The birch treecan grow in many different types of soils and is prevalent in that area. Nowcan anyone here describe a birch tree? 分析： 80%的段子前三句必出主旨题，此处也不例外，andtoday were going to focus on…道出了主旨，当然这一句不够具体;继续听下文，第二处划线部分提到了一种树木——birch trees, 这一概念贯穿了全文，段子讲的是易洛魁人怎样在生活中利用B这种树(桦树)。 笔记形式： Iro 人→ natrl rsc, esp. B tree依 听力原文： Pro: Yes. The birch treehas white bark, and this tough protective outer layer of the tree, this whitebark, is waterproof. And this waterproof quality of the bark, itmade it useful for making things like cooking containers, a variety ofutensils. And if you peel birch bark in the winter, we call it “the winterbark”, another layer, a tougher inner layer of the tree adheres to thebark, producing a stronger material. So the winter bark was used forlarger utensils and containers. Stu: I know peoplemake utensils out of wood, but utensils out of tree bark? Pro: Well, birch bark ispliable and very easy to bend. The Native Americans would cut the barkand fold it into any shape they needed, then secure it with cords untilit dried. They could fold the bark into many shapes. Stu: So if they cooked inbowls made of birch bark, wouldn