包装优质籼米地下仓储藏模式和质量指标变化规律研究 - 粮油食品科技.docVIP

包装优质籼米地下仓储藏过程中品质变化 摘要：为探索成品粮绿色、安全的储藏方法，在南方高温高湿地区，利用地下仓储藏黄花粘和籼优998两种优质籼米，定期检测水分、碎米总量、小碎米率、垩白粒率、黄粒米、直链淀粉、品尝评分值、色泽气味、不完善率、害虫虫口密度等指标。结果显示，试验期间，供试大米水分呈小幅下降；抑制两种供试大米不生虫时间长达13个月；小碎米率、色泽气味等指标无显著性变化；碎米总量、黄粒米、不完善粒含量小幅增加，直链淀粉含量逐渐增加，但均未导致大米质量等级下降；垩白粒率显著增加，品尝评分值显著下降，且均造成供试大米质量定等下降。根据国家标准《大米》的规定，籼优998于储藏3个月后，质量定等由二级降为三级，储藏6个月后，已不属于优质籼米，黄花粘于试验结束后仍为优质籼米三级。研究结果表明，地下仓具有良好的保湿、保鲜和害虫抑制效果，优质籼米耐储性能与储藏条件和品种均相关。 关键词：地下仓，恒温恒湿，优质籼米，储藏周期，质量等级 Study on the Changes of Quality Index of Packaging High Quality Milled Long-Grain-Nonglutinous Rice in Underground Granary Abstract To explore the method of green and safe storage of processed grain, this study investigated the changes in the quality index and pests of packaging high quality milled long-grain-nonglutinous rice during underground granary storage in high temperature and high humidity area. The quality indexes included moisture, small broken kernel, broken kernel, chalky kernel percentage, yellow-colored kernel, amylose content, taste evaluated value, color and odor and unsound kernel. The results showed that the moisture of test rice declined slightly and the inhibition period was 13 months. Under the storage condition of underground granary, the indexes of small broken kernel rate and color and odor were not significant changes, the indexes of broken kernel, yellow-colored kernel and unsound kernel were small increases, the index of amylose content was substantially increased during 14 months of storage. The quality level of rice was not decreased by those indexes. At the same time, the chalky kernel percentage was increased significantly and the taste evaluated value was decreased significantly. The quality level of rice were decreased by the changes of chalky kernel percentage and taste evaluated value. Hence, the storage mode of underground granary is recommended to maintain quality and control pest of high quality milled long-grain-nonglutinous rice. The storability of high quality milled long-grain-nonglutinous rice and storage tempe