新概念三语法精讲三四替代与省略.pptVIP

第三章 代替与省略SUBSTITUTIONAND OMISSION;　　英语中，为了避免不必要的重复，经常用so, not, to, do, does 代替前面出现的动词或相关内容。 　　如：He translated the article better than I did. (did代替wrote it) 　　 　　— Doyou think she isclever? 　　— I think so. (so代替 she is clever) ;　　(1) 从上两例中看出，do / does / did 代替动词。 　　(2) so 与 not 代替某个词、短语、句子等，通常用于hope, think, believe, expect, suppose, be afraid, fear, imagine, etc后作宾语。 　　　　E.g. — Is it correct? 　　　　　　— Im afraid not. (not correct) 　　(3) to 用作不定式，常跟随下列动词：want, mean, hope, expect, refuse, seem, intend, be, afraid, etc. 　　　　E.g. I asked him to go to the party, but he refused to. (go to the party) 　　(4) do so, do that, do it 用来代替动态动词，而不能代静态动词。 　　　　Eg. — He gave up studying English. 　　　　　　— Why did he do so? (= give up studying English) 　　　　 　　　　　　— The dish tastes nice. 　　　　　　— Yes, so it does. (tastes nice) 　　　　　　　(此句不能用it does it 或 it does so, 因taste属静态动词。） 　　 　　(5) 为使语言精炼，避免不必要的重复，对话中常用省略形式。 　　　　E.g. — He is thinking of buying a car? 　　　　　　— Is he?（这里，“thinking of buying a car”被省略了。） 　　　　　　 　　　　　　— Will he come back in time? 　　　　　　— Perhaps.（省略了he will come back in time.) ;测试精编;　　4. — Dont you think Alans health has beenruined by smoking? — Yes, he told me ________ himself. 　A. the fact B. this thing C. It D. so 　　5. — Will you go home tomorrowevening? — No, Im going to a lecture, or at least, Im planning ________ . 　A. on B. to C. so D. It 　　6. — I slipped on the stairs, I think my arm is broken. — Oh! I ________ . 　A. do not hope so B. do not hope C. hope not so D. hope not ;　　7. California relies mainly on income from fruit crops, and ________ . A. Florida also B. Florida too C. Florida is as well D. so does Florida 8. — Have you been here long? — ________ . 　A. No, not very B. Not much 　C. Yes, only little D. No, only yesterday ;　　9. — You look happy today, Mary. —