天然宝石的现代炼金术(国外英文资料).docVIP

人造宝石的现代炼金术(国外英文资料) Modern alchemy of artificial gems We can make synthetic diamonds. Thats known to all. But do you know that humans can also make sapphires, emeralds, rubies, and other gems? The manufacturing method is to put seeds in gold containers, and then irrigate with hydrochloric acid, and eventually grow into a variety of stones. It looks like ancient alchemy, doesnt it? In fact, our goal is no different from the ancients: cheap materials are synthesized into precious stones. emerald To make a grandmother emerald, first you have a golden stove. Of course, if you can have a gold stove, what would you do about this synthetic gemstone. But seriously, gold is just an inert carrier. There are not many substances in nature that react with gold. The natural process of formation of emeralds requires high temperatures. At high temperatures and pressures, two kinds of ions, chromium and vanadium, enter the beryl, forming this color. The two metal and silicon, oxygen, aluminum and beryllium are placed in a gold furnace, and then a platinum wire is placed inside. The platinum wire is placed with beryl seeds. Then pour hydrochloric acid into it and add high temperature and high pressure. Then react for a month, every day will grow up to a cubic millimeter, a month later you can ship. Of course, synthetic gemstones look so perfect, unlike natural grandmothers, that there are cracks or something, so conservative collectors complain that the gems look fake. Ruby and Sapphir The essence of these two stones is the same, three aluminum oxide two crystal, the difference between the color is still caused by the metal elements inside. Sapphires are supposed to be blue, but they can also be yellow, green or even pink. And the elements inside the ruby are very simple, and the red ones are rubies. The first human to produce ruby in 1885, at the time when people sell this much lower than the market price of the ruby, once aroused suspicion, but a variety of detection down cannot pr