英语比较结构.doc

比较级(comparative degree) ?在比较级中，有超越、相等、差逊三个级别。???????? 1. 超越 (superiority)????? （1）better? than: 胜过，优于??????? Doing? is? better? than? saying.（百说不如一做。）??????? (2)more than + 从句。多余，超过??????? She? has? talked? more? than what? is? necessary.(她说了一些多余的话)???????????（3）“than +关系代词”的从句。 再 …… 不过。?????? He? is? a? scholar? than? whom? no? man? ever? will? be? more? honest.?????? （他是个再诚实不过的学者了。）?????? （4）superior? to ：占优势，比……胜一筹。???????? He? is? superior? to? his? elder? brother.(他比他哥哥强)??????? 2. 相等 (equality)???????? (1)??? as …? as.? 如……一样。??????? As? busy? as? a? bee. ( 忙得不可开交)???????? (2)??? as? well?? as 。既 …… 又， 和……一样。???????? Pompey, as? well? as? Caesar, was a? great? man.??????? (像恺撒一样，庞培也是一位伟人。)???????? (3)??? the? same? as…. 像……一样。??????? The? same? as? the? past. (一如从前。)??????? (4)??? such/ so…as. 像……一样。???????? Such? a great? poet? as? Homer? was? proficient? not? just in literature? but? also in history .???????? (像荷马那样的诗人，不仅要精通文学，还要精通历史。)???????? (5)??? no sooner? than.. 一……就（几乎同时，夸张用法）。??????? No? sooner? said? than? done.(说到做到。)??????? (6)??? No? more? than.? 就像，不优于。??????? You’re? no? more? capable? of? speaking? French? than? I? am.?????? （你我都不会说日语。）??????? (7)??? No? less? than.? 就像，不次于。??????? Technology? is? no less? important? than? market.???????? (技术和市场同样重要。)??????? (8)??? 否定代词+more? than (else? than,? other? than) 。 than是介词，只不过……而已。?????? This? is? no? other? than? myself.??????? （这人就是我。）??????? 3.差逊 (inferiority)???????? (1) inferior? to. 比……差，逊于……???????? She in to? some? degree inferior? to him? in? literary.?????? （她比他在文学上稍逊风骚。）???????? (2) less? than.. 少于，不到??????? It rains? less in? Jinan? than? in? Hangzhou.????? （济南的降雨比杭州少。）????? （3）“差逊”中的形容词或副词可以转换成反义词，再按“超越”的路子来翻译，这在翻译中叫做“词义的转换”。(conversion? of? acceptation)????????? The? sky? started? to grow? lighter? and? the shadow? in? the little? town? less? dark..??????? （天色渐渐发白，小镇里的阴影处也慢慢亮了起来。）??????? 二、递增或递减( comparison? of? progressive? and? retrogressive