简单句基本句型研究.pptVIP

在括号内写出以下句子划线部分的基本成分。 1. They are workers from China. 　 (主语) (系动词) (表语) (定语 ) 2. The singer made himself known. 　　(主语) (谓语) (宾语) (宾补) 3. My classmates sent their best (定语) (主语) 　(谓语) (定语) (定语) wishes to me. (直接宾语) (间接宾语) 二、主语、主语的词性及构成 主语是句子的主体，是谓语陈述或说明的对象。正常语序的句子的主语在谓语动词前面或系动词前面。充当主语的词性有名词、代词、数词等. 例如： Deer are animals. (主语由名词deer来充当) Everything goes well. (主语由代词everything来充当) 99 is larger than 98. (主语由数词99来充当) 以下充当主语的情况在高中阶段较为常见。它们是：不定式、动名词等形式充当主语，动名词短语、不定式短语充当主语以及主语从句充当主语。例如： To say is one thing and to do is another thing. (主语由不定式to say和to do来充当) 简单句的五种基本句型 由一个主语和一个谓语动词所组成的句子是简单句。谓语动词有及物动词、不及物动词和连系动词之分。正是谓语动词的特点决定着句子的不同结构，如连系动词后要接表语;大多数及物动词后要接一个直接宾语，有的及物动词要接直接宾语和间接宾语，还有的及物动词要接复合宾语 (宾语+宾语补足语)． 句型一 主语+不及物动词Ｓ +Ｖ 　　此句型的特点是: 谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,后面不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词短语等作状语。如： I agree. She studies hard. My brother works in Beijing. I am reading now. Ｓ Ｖ （不及物动词） 1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man 4. We all 5. Everybody 6. I 7. They 8. He 9. He 10.They flies. rose. cooked. eat and drink. laughed. woke. talked for half an hour. walked yesterday. is playing. have gone. (1)不及物动词不能直接加宾语。如agree, lie, work, argue, belong, come, go, reply等。 (2) 不及物动词加一个介词后构成动词短语可以加宾语。如agree with, lie in, work at, argue with, belong to, come across, go to, reply to等。 (3) 有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。如begin, sell, write, wash, answer, read等。 例如： The meeting begins at half past nine. ( ) The professor began his speech directly. ( ) The books of this kind sell well and he will sell them. (第一个sell为不及物动词，而第二个sell是及物动词)。 不及物动词 及物动词 1. 指出划线部分动词的词性，是及物动词还是不及物动词。 (1) Speak aloud so that everyone can follow 　　　　　you. ( ) (2) Besides Japanese, he can also speak Spanish. ( ) (3) His father used to work hard to make much money. ( ) (4) I intended to lie to him, but fa