英国警察文化 讲课稿.pptVIP

LW542 lecture 3/4Cop Culture DANIEL 08/04/13 Lecture Outline Discretion自行决定的自由 What is cop culture? Characteristics Impact on policing Discretion – Key Questions When range of options are available police have discretion警察行使自由裁量权的任选范围在什么时候有效 How is this supervised?这是怎么监督？ How do we hold it to account? Role of law?法的作用？ Black letter law v. blue letter law Law is servant, not a slave to it What if there was none? What makes it possible? Why does it matter? What influences it’s exercise? What is cop culture? ‘accepted practices, rules and principles of conduct that are situationally applied, and generalized rationales and beliefs’ Manning (1989: 360)“公认的惯例，规则和行为准则被应用，并形成广义的基本理论和信仰 ‘a layer of informal occupational norms and values operating under the apparently rigid hierarchical structure of police organisations’ Chan (1992: 43)在警察组织的严格的层次结构之的非正规的职业规范和价值观下的经营 ‘Cop culture has developed as a patterned set of understandings that help officers cope with and adjust to the pressures and tensions confronting the police’ Reiner (2000: 87)警察文化已经发展成为一个图形化的理解，帮助警察应对和调整压力 Skolnick’s (1966) Working Personality工作中的个性、人格 Authority - Division between police and the public, symbolic upholder of the law: deference secures results without the need for coercion. 权威的警察和公众之间的分工，法律的象征性的支持者：尊重保护结果没有强制的需要。 Danger Unpredictability不可预测性 affinity with soldiering 类似从军效应– the ‘thin blue line’ (Janowitz, 1964) Efficiency 效率- the pressure to produce results 产生结果的压力(Goldsmith, 1990) performance indicators, crime statistics and moral panics绩效指标，犯罪统计和道德恐慌 Efficiency is a constant, whereas Authority Danger are variable 效率是一个常数，而权威的危险是可变的 Reiner’s Characteristics (2000) Sense of mission 使命感 Excitement and action兴奋和行动 Cynicism and pessimism玩世不恭和悲观 Pragmatism ]实用主义 Social isolation/ police solidarity社会隔离/警察团结 Suspicion/ stereotyping怀疑/刻板印象 Conservatism 保守主义 Racial Prejudice种族偏见 Sense of Mission使命感 Not just any job Protecting the weak Thin Blue Line between social stability and anarchy社会稳定和无政府状态 Makes