翻译第12单元2015.pptVIP

Differences in sentence length and pattern Sentence length C: short/medium-lengthed sentences E: long sentences (19 words on average) Sentence pattern C: coordinate “flowing-water” sentence E: subordinate complex sentence Procedures Comprehension Understand the structure Get the main idea Identify the main clauses and subordinate ones Presentation Translate the division Rearrangement Basic procedures for translating long sentences The stage of understanding (理解阶段） 第一步：紧缩主干 ●析出SV-SVO-SVOO等 ●识别谓语形态，确定时态，语态，语气等。 第二步：辨析词义 ●识别其他的词语形态，及其语法关系， ●判断词义，确定词义。 第三步：区分主从 ●识别修饰语与被修饰语 ● 判断各部分的内在关系 第四步：捋清层次 ● 推断句子思维逻辑发展的形态及重心 The stage of expression (理解阶段) 第五步：调整搭配 ●按照汉语的习惯形成主谓宾配列及各式搭配， ●调整各层次语序，捋顺表达法 第六步：润饰词语 ● 炼词，炼句， ●考虑文体的适应性，并做出调整。 Application of the procedures to practice Source text But when society places hundreds of proletarians in such a position that they inevitably meet a too early and an unnatural death, one which is quite as much a death by violence as that by the sword or bullet; when it deprives thousands of the necessaries of life, places them under conditions in which they cannot live—forces them, through the strong arm of the law, to remain in such conditions until that death ensues which is the inevitable consequence -- knows that these thousands of victims must perish, and yet permits these conditions to remain, its deed is murder just as surely as the deed of the single individual; disguised, malicious murder, murder against which none can defend himself, which does not seem what it is, because no man sees the murderer, because the death of the victim seems a natural one, since the offence is more one of omission than of commission. Analysis of the ST: 该句共有154个单词，是名副其实的长句。第一步是分析句子结构。全句的主句是its deed is murder，属于SVP句型；主句前面有两个并列的由when引导的时间状语从句，这两个由when引导的时间状语从句中又含有自己的从句。具地说，第一个when-从句含有一个由that引导的结果状语从句和一个由which引导的定语从句；第二个when-从句含有两个由which引导的定语从句，一个由until引导的时间状语从句以及一个由that引导的宾语从句。主句之后有两个由which引导的定语从句，一个由what引导的宾语从句，三个分别